Arbutin is used by dermatologists as a topical skin lightening agent for treating hyperpigmentation.

It is categorized as a plant extract and a skin lightening agent.

Aside from skin lightening, arbutin also has antioxidant properties that improve skin texture. It’s also used in anti-aging products because of this characteristic.

Arbutin is derived from the leaves of fruits such as bearberry (uva-ursi), pear and cranberry, and it is sometimes made synthetically.

Skin reaction, irritation

If you are using arbutin in a cream or serum, do not apply the product to your whole face.

If you put an arbutin cream or serum on your whole face, you could lighten up non-affected areas.

 Only apply the arbutin serum to the areas on your face affected by hyperpigmentation, and wash your hands after (you probably should be doing this anyways) so you don’t discolor your hands.

Let your arbutin cream or serum fully dry before you applying your moisturizer.

it’s especially important to wear sunscreen because arbutin makes your skin more sensitive to UV rays.

The whitening effect of Arbutin is not permanent.

Lumiskin is a skin whitening product.

Lumiskin also fights aging as the product eliminates blemishes that appear as a result of us getting older.

Lumiskinprotect the skin against sun damage and harmful free radicals.

Lumiskin works just like any other skin whitening product. It gets rid of dark spots wherever it is applied on the sking by using an active ingredient known as the DiacetylBoldine, which is known to reduce tyrosinase helps to heal the damage of sun exposure as well as age related issues.

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Lumiskin is applied to the affected part of the skin; it works by improving the affected region, reducing the dark spots and provides a uniform skin blend.

Kojic Acid is found naturally in many species of fungi and is also the byproduct made during the fermentation of Sake.
Kojic acid is an anti-pigmentation medicine. It works by suppressing the formation of melanin, a pigment that gives color to the skin.

• Kojic Acid helps in lightening visible spots marks.
• Kojic Acid serves a number of functions beyond skin brightening.
• Kojic Acid is antibacterial, which explains its frequent presence in acne skincare formulations. Because it acts as a skin lightener, it's an effective ingredient for post inflammation hyperpigmentation that can occur from acne lesions. 

• Dry skin,
• Skin burn,
• Skin peeling,
• Erythema (skin redness)

•  It should always be used along with sun-avoidance measures, like using sunscreens and wearing protective clothing.
•  Avoid getting it in your eyes or mouth. If this happens, rinse with water immediately.
•  Do not apply on broken or infected areas of skin. Discontinue use if you experience irritation or allergy and consult your doctor.
•  If you experience any redness, rashes, irritation or stinging sensation when using Kojic Acid, stop using it immediately and consult your doctor.